Retrospective Study of the Clinicopathological Profile of Cervical Cancer at Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, for the 2022–2024 Period

Ulfatun Nahdhiyah; Hendy Setyo Yudhanto; Arif Satria Hardika

doi:10.11594/jk-risk.05.3.1

Authors

Ulfatun Nahdhiyah Department of Anatomy Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya / Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, East Java Province
Hendy Setyo Yudhanto Department of Anatomy Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya / Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, East Java Province
Arif Satria Hardika Department of Anatomy Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya / Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, East Java Province

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11594/jk-risk.05.3.1

Keywords:

Cervical cancer, clinicopathologic profile, retrospective, histopathology, Saiful Anwar General Hospital

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide, especially in developing countries including Indonesia. Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main etiologic factor, with limited access to screening and vaccination as a major obstacle to prevention and early detection. Epidemiologic data and clinicopathologic profiles of cervical cancer are essential for understanding disease trends and improving prevention and management strategies.

Aim: This study aims to determine the frequency distribution of cervical cancer based on year of diagnosis, age, and histopathology type at the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang from January 2022 to December 2024.

Methods: This study used a retrospective descriptive design by analyzing secondary data from the medical records of the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang. The study sample included all cases of cervical cancer confirmed through histopathologic examination within the study period.

Results: From the analyzed data, 260 cases of cervical cancer were found and the distribution of cases increased every year. Most patients were diagnosed at the age of 51-60 years, with the most histopathological type being squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), followed by adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion: This study provides an overview of the clinicopathologic profile of cervical cancer that can be the basis for improving cervical cancer screening, prevention, and management strategies in Indonesia, especially at Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. WHO (World Health Organization). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer. 2022. Cancer Fact Sheets. Retrieved from .
2. Bruni L, Saura-Lázaro A, Montoliu A, Brotons M, Alemany L, Diallo MS, et al. HPV vaccination introduction worldwide and WHO and UNICEF estimates of national HPV immunization coverage 2010–2019. Prev Med (Baltim). 2021;144:106399.
3. Sankaranarayanan R, Basu P, Kaur P, Bhaskar R, Singh GB, Denzongpa P, et al. Current status of human papillomavirus vaccination in India’s cervical cancer prevention efforts. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(11):e637–44.
4. Arbyn M, et al. ‘Estimates of the worldwide burden of cervical cancer in 2020: key facts and challenges.’ The Lancet Global Health. 2020;
5. Bray F, FJ, SI, SRL, TLA, & JA. lobal cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68(6), 394-424. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492. 2018;
6. PNPK HOGI 2018 Pedoman Nasional Ginekologi.
7. Zhang S, Xu H, Zhang L, Qiao Y. Cervical cancer: Epidemiology, risk factors and screening. Chinese Journal of Cancer Research [Internet]. 2020;32(6):720–8. Available from: http://article.cjcrcn.org/en/article/doi/10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2020.06.05?viewType=HTML
8. Canfell K, Kim JJ, Brisson M, Keane A, Simms KT, Caruana M, et al. Mortality impact of achieving WHO cervical cancer elimination targets: a comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries. The Lancet. 2020;395(10224):591–603.
9. Nur S. BAB 4 PAPARAN BAHAN KIMIA RUMAH TANGGA DAN RISIKO KANKER PADA PEREMPUAN. UNTUK PEREMPUAN INDONESIA. :46.
10. Agil NM, Ismoyowati TW, Anggaraeni KRT, Nurchayati S, Pamangin LOM, Yulianti Y, et al. Buku Ajar Metodologi Penelitian Bidang Kesehatan. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia; 2025.
11. WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. Female genital tumours. 5th ed. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2020. 5th ed. Vol. 4. Available from: https://tumourclassification.iarc.who.int/chapters/34.; 2020.
12. Bibbins-Domingo K, Brubaker L, Curfman G. The 2024 revision to the Declaration of Helsinki: modern ethics for medical research. JAMA. 2025;333(1):30–1.
13. GLOBOCAN 2020. Global Cancer Observatory - Cervical Cancer. International Agency for Research on Cancer. [cited 2024 Dec 22]; Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr
14. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2022. Jakarta: www.kemkes.go.id; 2022.
15. Puspasari A. Hubungan Faktor Risiko dengan Tipe Histopatologi pada Pasien Kanker Serviks di RSUD DR SOETOMO. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga. 2020.
16. Lee S, et al. Poor prognosis of malignant adenocarcinoma subtype in cervical cancer. International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer. 2019;
17. Ferdousi J, Nagai Y, Asato T, Hirakawa M, Inamine M, Kudaka W, et al. Impact of human papillomavirus genotype on response to treatment and survival in patients receiving radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Exp Ther Med. 2010 May;1(3):525–30.
18. Huang Y, Zou D, Guo M, He M, He H, Li X, et al. HPV and radiosensitivity of cervical cancer: a narrative review. Ann Transl Med. 2022 Dec;10(24):1405–1405.